Past Participle

What is Past Participle?
Past Participle indicates past or completed action or time. It is often called the 'ed' form as it is formed by adding d or ed, to the base form of regular verbs, however it is also formed in various other ways for irregular verbs.
It can be used to form a verb phrase as part of the present perfect tense.
For example:
I have learnt English. (Learnt is part of the verb phrase 'have learnt')
It can be used to form the Passive Voice.
For example:
Her hair was well brushed.
It can also be used as an adjective.
For example:
As an adjective: He had a broken arm.
(Broken is used here as an adjective.)

In English grammar, the Past Participle refers to an action that was started and completed entirely in the past. It is the third principal part of a verb, created by adding -ed, -d to the base form of a regular verb. The Past Participle is generally used with an auxiliary (or helping) verb—has, have, or had—to express the perfect aspect, a verb construction that describes events occurring in the past that are linked to a later time, usually the present. In addition to the perfect aspect (or perfect tense), the Past Participle can be used in a passive voice or as an adjective.

Past Participles of Regular Verbs To understand past participles, you first need to know how to make a verb past tense. To do so, add ed, d.		 Samples:
• Architectural monuments designed by Japanese architects are magnificent and beautiful.
• Music composed by the Azerbaijani composer Uzeyir Hajibeyli is charming and fantastic,
• Movies made by American film makers are exciting and entertaining.